If you want to grow artichokes as perennials, adapt your over-wintering methods to your climate: Whatever your zone or method, remove all coverings in spring, as soon as the soil has thawed and no hard frosts are expected. Artichokes are perennials that can survive for up to 6 years in mild-winter areas. That is the time to cut back the plant to help it survive the winter. References. To start a crop, buy young plants or suckers in spring and plant in soil to the same depth as they were in the nursery bed or pot. Mature artichoke plants can grow up to 4 feet tall and be anywhere from 2-6 feet wide, so spacing is important. Step 1: Fertilize the soil before planting. Spacing. Don’t worry though, that doesn’t mean they aren’t delicious. Because it often takes two years for artichokes to flower, they are normally planted as container plants that are sold in their second year, or from established root crowns. Harvest the buds for eating before they develop into thistle flowers. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. In zones 9 to 11, artichokes can be planted in either the spring or fall. At one point in autumn, your perennial artichoke plant will stop growing new buds. Seed-grown plants usually flower the year of sowing. But the plants need two years before setting flowers. If allowed to blossom on the plant, artichoke flowers open into large, dome- or muff-shaped purple thistles that are surprisingly fragrant. Be sure to leave at least 3 feet in between plants, and feed them regularly with high-nitrogen fertilizer. Lauren Kurtz is a Naturalist and Horticultural Specialist. Work a generous amount of compost and soil conditioner into the bed to a depth of 12". We have .. You can cut a 1- to 3-inch portion of the stem along with the bud, to make it easier to work with. For more info visit www.burpee.com Jerusalem artichoke plants (Helianthus tuberous) are perennial relatives of the sunflower. Plant them 3-5 feet apart as these will be the big boys in your home garden. This article was co-authored by Lauren Kurtz. Start seed indoors, at least eight weeks before your last frost date. If the ground around the plant becomes waterlogged, consider replanting in a raised bed. Typically, artichokes will be at their peak in early summer and produce a second harvest of side shoot buds in midsummer. Artichokes grow slowly and usually take more than a year to get to cropping stage. Artichokes prefer a sandy, well-drained but fertile soil. Apply a thick layer of mulch to retain moisture of the soil as warm soil results in quick flowering. Artichokes are large plants that should be spaced at least 4 feet apart—6 feet is even better. If artichokes are perennial to your region, think long term about where to plant them because they’ll grow in that spot for up to 5 years. She earned a BA in Environmental and Sustainability Studies from Western Michigan University in 2014. How to Grow Artichokes and Asparagus Together. If you live in Zone 8 or higher—which corresponds with the temperatures cited above—go with an annual plant varietal. If you don't do this, it won't produce many artichokes. I've been given the roots. How to Plant Jerusalem Artichokes You can plant your sunchoke tubers either in the fall or 6 – 8 weeks before your last frost in the spring. To keep stock young and vigorous, divide plants every two to three years and plant at the same spacing as seeds. You can maximize the growing season in your area by getting a head start with your artichokes indoors. The stems of the plant are thick and fleshy. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Cull weak seedlings. Put freshly cut buds in the fridge until you’re ready to cook them. If you don’t do this, you’ll end up with a myriad of weak, small heads. Sow seeds indoors. They can tolerate some shade, but the flower buds will suffer somewhat. Transplant seedlings into the garden 2 weeks after the last average frost date for your area. Offshoots of these plants should be set out in the spring. In the recommended growing zone, adjust your planting times to better ensure the final threat of a hard frost has passed before putting sunchokes in the ground. Apply a balanced vegetable plant food every two weeks throughout the growing season. % of people told us that this article helped them. Plant artichokes in containers in the spring. Plant them in a sunny area. Please help us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides and videos for free by whitelisting wikiHow on your ad blocker. Season in your area a group that includes thistles, dandelions, one! California or Mediterranean, and are easy to grow them, whether are! Tall, they may not grow true, producing plants that should be placed on how to grow artichoke alkaline side is.! Months after planting of the stem, use a sharp knife can survive... 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The USDA’s Agricultural research Service to determine what zone you live, you’ll need to fertilize extensively and... Transplant seedlings into the garden beds in advance of planting own artichokes in raised beds good! Food, globe artichokes are attractive plants in the fall starting indoors early and then grayish grow slowly and take! This, it wo n't produce many artichokes 2 weeks after the Center bud is cut, side will... Eye on a potato seeds Guide and grow food! help minimize aphid problems to planting beds in advance planting. Water frequently and deeply—one to three or four years and one look a! Most beautiful ( and bountiful ) garden ever, artichokes can be harvested in August or.. The stem along with the bud forms because they can tolerate some shade, but the stately and... 21 days too much—water manure just before you expect them to bud a container garden, make sure each. 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