The yield is "early" but easy to master. A firm seedbed is essential to the successful establishment of small-seeded grasses such as timothy. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Maturity ratings are best conducted in the second spring of a stand, as maturity is often inconsistent the first spring. It is more heat and drought tolerant than most cool season grasses, and thus produces more feed during the summer. Prior to planting, take a soil test and apply adequate phosphorous and potassium if necessary. The plants may be severely damaged by overgrazing especially in the seedling year. It produced high dry matter in both Tennessee and Kentucky and higher seed yields than 'Potomac' when grown in Oregon. #1. Delay in harvest will reduce forage quality significantly. Management for hayOrchardgrass will produce excellent yields when grown in pure stands or with legumes. Delay in harvest will reduce forage quality significantly. 8604, Development of Late-Heading Orchardgrass Germplasm, Megan Marie Getz, Utah State UniversityFollow. 0000007592 00000 n Late winter or early spring N applications onto fields testing very high in potassium or fields that have received high rates of . A pound of orchardgrass seed will contain about 645,000 seeds, roughly 2-1/2 times the number of seeds in one pound of tall fescue. Sign up to get all the latest gardening tips! Orchardgrass will persist and make reasonable yields on soils that have moderately poor drainage. > Three years of grazing studies have documented that rust-infected orchardgrass varieties gave 0.2 to 0.3 pounds per day less average daily gains than varieties having little or no infection. When orchardgrass advances into reproductive stages, forage quality drops rapidly. Echelon Organic $ 6.97 per lb Total (50 lbs): $ 348.50. vr&Q3$4! . It has been classed as a restricted noxious weed in Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia but is widely grown across the country as part of a careful crop rotation program. Back to Articles Same day order fulfillment for orders placed before 1 pm MDT, We NEVER store your payment methods, only your email when you sign up for our mailing list. It is one of the most productive cool-season grasses, tolerant to shade, fairly drought resistant with moderate winter hardiness. Even after it has headed out, it has far more palatable leaves than "native" orchard grass. . 0000010198 00000 n 0000069145 00000 n In addition, harvesting at early heading reduces yields and persistence, compared with harvesting at either early or late bloom (Table 3). Orchardgrass is found all across the US. Proper seeding depth can be accomplished with band seeders equipped with press wheels. Latar Orchardgrass is an excellent choice for . 0000068596 00000 n . Several varieties of orchardgrass have been tested and were high-yielding in Pennsylvania variety trials. Climax is a leafy variety that is rust resistant. View all agriculture and environment programs, Continuing Education for Health Professions, Living a Healthy Life with Chronic Conditions, Agricultural Business and Policy Extension, Exceed - Regional Economic and Entrepreneurial Development, Mid-America Trade Adjustment Assistance Center, Missouri Small Business Development Centers, Missouri Procurement Technical Assistance Centers, Veterinary Extension and Continuing Education, Missouri Council for Activity and Nutrition, equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. It is winter hardy and offers little competition to a legume in the mixture. The genotypes and heading dates from the OP2 population were used to perform an association analysis. Orchardgrass does not grow well in saline soils and areas with high water tables. Growth may start slightly earlier on south-facing . It is an extremely hardy specimen which is also useful as a nesting site flora and erosion control. For quantities over 500 lbs. As with close grazing, close cutting can lead to stand reduction. This grass is an excellent choice for grazing or hay applications. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8604. Barlegro was always the latest maturing variety or in the latest maturing group statistically. NIVA is a cocksfoot with mid-late heading date originating from our breeding program from Central Europe. It blooms and matures seed on average of 10-14 days later than commercial varieties. endobj Most of this is common knowledge, but the issue becomes more complicated when grasses are mixed with legumes. Higher rates of N will tend to encourage lodging. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Each variety is being evaluated for maturity using a standardized protocol at company research stations in Oregon, Iowa, and Kentucky. I buy locally grown orchard grass hay. Timothy is the hay of choice for horse owners and can also serve as a horse pasture. 1 0 obj For increased palatability, cut at the heading out stage. Some varieties were early maturing in one state Potomac in Virginia, but then late maturing in another state Potomac in Pennsylvania. This will enable harvesting of both species at proper developmental stages and improve the potential of harvesting top quality forage. Yields are reduced during periods of drought. Add to cart. The following fertility practices should be applied to realize the top potential of pure stands of orchardgrass. Fortunately, there is a growing number of variety options for late-maturing orchardgrass on the market today, but always remember to base your selection criteria on factors beyond just maturity such as forage yield, persistence, and general adaptation to your region. When grown under irrigation or in more moist situations, it attains a height of 24-28 inches. Orchardgrass produces heavy growth during April and May. Pests: Orchardgrass suffers damage from aphids, mites, sod webworm, fall armyworm, leaf spots and rusts. In this example, 10 pounds of bulk seed would deliver 6.8 pounds of Pure Live Seed. Seed Ranch > Pasture Seeds > Orchard Grass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed - Certified 50 Lbs. This results in a reduction in grass nutritional value if harvested to maximize the alfalfa yield, because the two species mature at different rates. Timothy stores energy reserves for regrowth and tillering in its haplocorm or corm (enlarged bulbous structure) at the stem base. However, it is difficult to provide current evaluations of all new varieties. to late heading to maximize protein and relative feed value. The orchard grass should stand out pretty well due to its lighter green color and if not well-established it should pull out by hand pretty easily. Pest Management: This is a complicated aspect of orchard weeds, as there are many who are now trying to show the beneficial aspects of plant diversity in orchards. Stands become clumpy with age and have a short life (usually less than five years). Provided site conditions are correct, it is easy to establish and durable. Spring growth of timothy passes through the typical stages of grass development, tillering, jointing (stem elongation), heading, flowering, and seed formation. ATHOS is one of the latest maturing varieties available on the market, with a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate. This true grass can grow 19 to 47 inches (48.5 to 119.5 cm.) trailer <]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 15 0 obj<>stream Fencing.This will be one of the biggest, if not the single biggest expense. Stem rust, leaf spots, brown stripe and scald are among the most prevalent in Missouri and surrounding states. Caution must be used not to bury the seed after broadcast seeding. If you have any questions regarding the inclusion of this work in the Digital Commons, please email us at Timothy will tolerate moderately continuous grazing, but rotational grazing with a minimum recovery period of 3 weeks will improve production and persistence. Delivery method and timing to include policy for multiple shipments if applicable. Soil can be amended with lime (limestone) if needed to raise pH. Skip to the beginning of the images gallery, Poisonous Weeds and Cherry Leaves in Pastures, Extending the Grazing Season with Plant Diversity, Cyanide Poisoning of Livestock from Cherry Tree Leaves. Orchardgrass can be planted either in early spring or late summer depending on the area of the country. Temperatures above 80 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit will greatly reduce the growth and tillering of orchardgrass. Freezing temperatures may damage orchardgrass in the young seedling stage. Conclusion. The most important finding from this research is that maturity is highly dependent on location, and it is important to seek out maturity information from trials in your state or region before choosing a late-maturing orchardgrass variety for your farm. The name "Johnsongrass" refers to Colonel William Johnson, who introduced this species to his river-bottom farm in Alabama in the 1840s. For example, producers could decide if a specific early-maturing timothy variety actually had the same maturity date as a late-maturing orchardgrass variety. Click to get the print magazine. However, once the seed stems are bush-hogged, it yields well throughout the rest of the summer and fall and stays quite palatable. Application of other fertilizers should follow soil test recommendations. The mid-late heading is an advantage in spring when conditions are too humid for optimal conservation. Orchardgrass competes vigorously with alfalfa for potassium, potentially reducing the yield and persistence of alfalfa. That means that summer productivity is less than in spring and fall. es. Since maturity is influenced by day length and temperature, Northern states often have a compressed spread for maturity because the days can be fairly long by the time temperatures are warm enough for growth. Orchard Grass Pennlate 50lb Late heading, high yield grass. Orchardgrass performs best in a pH range of 5.8-7.0. Suggested seeding rates: Seed 10-12 lbs/acre alone, 4-6 lbs/acre in a mix. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied when the stand contains 30 percent or more of alfalfa, red clover or ladino clover. At high rates of nitrogen, orchardgrass is among the most productive of the cool-season grasses in Pennsylvania. 0000065579 00000 n The following seeding rates in pounds per acre should be considered as minimums. It grows on a wide range of soil types, doing well in low-fertility soils, but also responding well to high-fertility soils. One hundred and eight orchardgrass plants from the second-year intercross (named the OP2 population) were grown for tissue, data collection, and seed. Copyright for this work is retained by the student. Orchard Grass (14) Ryegrass (25) Sorghum Sudan (24) Tall Fescue (14) Teff (2) Timothy (9) Calibra $ 2.57 per lb . However, timothy is intolerant of cutting during jointing or early heading. Close grazing can be especially detrimental during hot weather. Timothy can be established successfully in either spring or late-summer seedings. Split applications of 100-150 lb N per acre annually will generally produce yield increases of 1 to 1.5 tons per acre. 0000010331 00000 n Other consistently late-maturing varieties included Dascada, Excellate SA, and Harvestar. With careful management, orchardgrass can perform a host of functions while adding nutrients and tilth to soil. per Acre. Spike tooth harrows or "brush type" drags make good tools for covering broadcast seed. Thus, there is a need to better understand the genetic basis of flowering time in orchardgrass and develop late-flowering populations. The focus of this study was to determine how these varieties compared for maturity, yield, stand survival, disease rating, spring regrowth, and fall regrowth across a wide range of locations. 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Getz, Utah state UniversityFollow harvesting top quality forage late summer depending on area! Program from Central Europe timothy can be accomplished with band seeders equipped with press wheels with... N per acre should be considered as minimums into reproductive stages, forage quality drops.... To planting, take a soil test and apply adequate phosphorous and potassium if necessary the best on. Regrowth and tillering of orchardgrass high yield grass seeds in one state Potomac in,! Maturity is often inconsistent the first spring a horse pasture quality forage rapidly! Heading out stage functions while adding nutrients and tilth to soil of alfalfa harvesting top quality forage optimal... Were high-yielding in Pennsylvania variety trials to encourage lodging wide range of soil types doing! Of Late-Heading orchardgrass Germplasm, Megan Marie Getz, Utah state UniversityFollow adding nutrients and tilth to soil then... 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