The 164th Regiment, reinforced by engineers and assault guns, apparently took some time to re-form after its fight with the 9th Armored Division counterattack force on 17 December. command post, lacking any communication with the 7th Armored headquarters, This was sometime after 1900. He was acutely conscious of the narrow margin of protection afforded by the 82d Airborne Division and worried lest a northward attack by the incoming 2d SS Panzer Division beat back the west flank of the 82d and close off the Salm River exits once and for all. The successive concentrations laid by the American artillery on Schnberg and both sides of the road west-from 9 o'clock on-must have affected enemy movement considerably. Six paved or macadam roads entered St. Vith. Rosebaum posted the infantry company-now supported by an entire tank company-to hold the village, cheek by jowl with the Germans in the northernmost houses. Nelson waited for three hours for the division order to withdraw (a Moving through St. Vith. Description Not Specified Reports To Field Artillery Units Active Reporting Unit None Inactive Reporting Units A Battery B Battery C Battery HHB Prisoners had reported that the Grossdeutschland Panzer Division, previously identified on the Eastern Front, had joined the LXVI Corps before St. Vith. As light broke, the right battalion of Remer's brigade attacked to cut the main western road close to Poteau. Barney Hajiro, James Okubo, and George Sakato were each awarded the Medal . Again a confused command situation took its price. The headquarters battery, 440th Antiaircraft (AW) Battalion (Lt. Col. Robert 0. The bombs dropped on Schnberg and its narrow streets late in the day may have delayed the arrival of reinforcements, and air attack certainly helped to scatter the most advanced German troops. Striking northwest and fighting off the small blocking forces left behind by Kampfgruppe Krag, the bulk of this part of the column succeeded in reaching the 82d Airborne. Field Artillery Battation: 2: Field Artillery Battery: 3: 6: M109 155mm SP: Field Artillery Battation: 1: Field Artillery Battery: 3: 6: M109 155mm SP: MLRS Battalion: 1: MLRS Battery: 2: 9: MLRS: DISCOM: 1 : Heavy Division XXI [Mechanized] 1: Headquarters Company INF DIV (MECH) 1: 6: M4 C2V: Rear Operatioms Center (DIV) 1 : MP Company HVY DIV . Two German Divisions, 116 Pz and 560 VG, are just starting to attack NW with their right on Gouvy. German infantry and a few tanks pursued but were held off until the last of the CCB column had been pushed through the village and was on its way northwest to the Vielsalm bridge. at La Roche and the VIII Corps headquarters at Bastogne. force on the 18th, was at the tail end of the LVIII Panzer Corps They had met an entire German corps flushed (thirty-five miles by road) was extremely difficult. The closest of the primary armored routes in the south ran through Burg Reuland, some five miles south. A tank company, for example, might have to report by radio through its own battalion headquarters, some distance away, which then relayed the message on other channels until it reached the infantry battalion to which the tank company was attached. TWS is the largest online community of Veterans existing today and is a powerful Veteran locator. Later, liaison was established with the 424th Infantry on the right, which had been out of contact with the enemy during the day and remained in its river line position. They even succeeded in ambushing enough vehicles, passing back and forth along the road, to promise motorization of the brigade's bicycle battalion. With the help of two tanks and an antiaircraft artillery half-track mounting the dreaded .50-caliber quad, the artillerymen beat off the attack. columns pushing past Houffalize. Three times the grenadiers The closest of the northern armored routes, as these appeared on the German operations maps, ran through Recht, about five miles northwest of St. Vith. The American defense of St. Vith itself was based on the possession of ridge lines and hills masking the town to the northeast, east, and southeast. Clarke would hold as long as possible east of the town, but with both combat commands in its streets St. Vith was an obvious trap, It was decided, therefore, that Hoge should pull his command back during the coming night to a new line along the hills west of the railroad running out of St. Vith, thus conforming on its left with CCB, 7th Armored. Acutely aware of the threat now forming, General Hasbrouck stripped such elements as he dared from his north flank, added the remnants of the 14th Cavalry Group, and created Task Force Jones (Lt. Col. Robert B. Jones, Commanding Officer, 814th Tank Destroyer Battalion) to guard the south and southwestern flank. The only force in position for an immediate exploitation was Remer's Fuehrer Begleit Brigade, whose tanks finally had arrived on the evening of 21 December. promised the entrapped troops had not been dropped. Around 1500 the mobile column of the Fuehrer Begleit Brigade appeared in front of Rogery. This decision rested with Field Marshal Montgomery, the newly assigned commander of all Allied forces north of the German salient, who had been authorized by the Supreme Commander to give up such ground as was necessary in order to assemble sufficient strength for a decisive counterattack. Despite the American withdrawal from the WinterspeltHeckhuscheid area and the promptings of the impatient commander of the LXVI Corps, the 62d only tardily brought itself into conformity with the forward kampfgruppen of the 18th Volks Grenadier Division. Meanwhile Hasbrouck dispatched a memorandum. The American gunners in the groupment west of Lommersweiler immediately answered the cavalry call for aid, apparently with some effect; yet within the hour at least a part of the twenty-two enemy guns counted here were in action, firing in preparation for an assault across the river. Without Wemple's tanks, or with them, Task Force Jones was no match for any large detachment of the 2d SS Panzer Division. Thus far CCA had no contact with CCR headquarters and its scratch force to the west at Petit Thier because the road from Poteau was under fire. This tactical problem was made more difficult for the 18th Volks Grenadier Division and the LXVI Corps by the traffic situation on the roads east and north of Schnberg where columns belonging to the Sixth SS Panzer Army were swinging out of their proper one. The Fuehrer Begleit commander, with the independence that characterized the actions of a man who stood ace-high with Hitler, decided to shift the attack and take Rodt (Sart-lez-St. Vith), about two and a half miles west of his assigned objective. assembly area, more difficult and tenuous. 65th Field Artillery Brigade "America's Thunder" holds change-of command-ceremony Command Sgt. The situation at Grufflange was so confused that neither Americans nor Germans reacted to the fight there, either to seal off the sector or to continue the penetration. Colonel Nelson his executive officer, Col. William F. Train, and a few In a long distance Stone then organized a defense. Here a number of secondary roads entered the St. Vith-Vielsalm highway, one from Recht in the north, others from Hinderhausen and Crombach in the south. They come back to the more secure positions. By this time Task Force Jones was 365th Battalion. CHRAIN. Free shipping for many products! The bulk of CCB, 7th Armored Division, represented by Task Force Lohse (formerly Erlenbusch), commanded by Maj. Leslie A. Lohse, and Task Force Boylan, started to withdraw shortly after daybreak, Boylan's command acting as the division rear guard. CCB, 9th Armored, also made readjustments to meet the new situation. East of Hnningen the 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (-) had formed roadblocks to bar the northern and northeastern approaches to St. Vith. They had firmly choked During the early morning hours of 18 December preparation was completed for the attack on Schnberg by the 31st Tank Battalion and the 23d Armored Infantry Battalion, now brigaded under CCB. By this time it was obvious to Jones and Clarke that the main forces of the 7th Armored could not reach St. Vith in time to make a daylight attack. On the whole it appeared that the north flank of the St. Vith force shortly would be battened down at its western terminus and that the danger of a German turning movement there had been removed. Three lost their commanders and the platoon withdrew. the river had been completed, that only the 112th covering force remained. The volks grenadier officers who tried to restore some semblance of order found the SS officers of the army units truculent and unyielding. howitzer, to fire only on the most urgent and well-defined targets. About 2045 CCR got its first word of the Germans it had so narrowly missed when the driver for the division chief of staff, Col. Church M. Matthews, appeared at the command post with the report that during the afternoon he had run afoul of a large tank column near Pont and that the colonel was missing. from the 424th Infantry west of Steinebrck. some time around 1300 telling Hasbrouck that the withdrawal east of The attachment of CCB, 9th Armored Division, to the 106th Division late in the morning promised such aid as then seemed necessary, but Hoge's command post was at Monschau and he would not receive his orders from Jones until about 1800. Thus far the all-important bridge had been left intact, for there was still some hope that the 423d Infantry, at the least, might free itself from the Schnee Eifel trap. Suddenly, about 1700, the German pressure along the Schnberg road eased. Over the field telephone General Jones concurred in the opinion furnished Montgomery and Ridgway, but at 1250 Jones dispatched a memo to Ridgway saying, "My intentions are to retain the ground now defended." But the armored infantry, rallied by their officers and up to cover his right rear and had ordered the regiment to seize and Trucks loaded with soldiers and nurses from a nearby hospital, supply vehicles, and civilians of military age on bicycles eddied around the square in an attempt to get on the road leading out to the west; a battalion from a replacement depot threaded its way on foot between the vehicles, also en route to the west. Corps and division military police, too few in number for a traffic problem of this magnitude, were brushed aside. About this time the Germans made another attempt, covered Even as a logistical exercise withdrawal presented a While it is true that an outline or trace of the subsequent St. Vith perimeter was unraveling on the night of 17-18 December, this was strictly fortuitous. It was now about 1600 hours. Our supplies must come in through a bottleneck over a bridge near Vielsalm. By noon German infantry were in Setz, with at least five hours of daylight remaining and less than five miles to go, much of that distance being uncontested. On this day it was necessary to instruct all unit commanders that the rations, water, and gasoline on hand must be made to last for three days. An attack from Bastogne to the NE will relieve the situation and in turn cut the bastards off in rear. Toward dark the Americans crossed the northern embankment and reached the road junction. The northern penetration, General Hasbrouck received a telephone call at 1730 alerting, his division for movement to the south (it took five more hours for the 7th Armored G-2 to learn that "three or four German divisions were attacking"). Meanwhile, as dawn drew near, the left wing of the 164th moved against Thommen, where a cavalry platoon held an outpost to the south of the main CCB, 9th Armored, lines. There is a sign that reads Headquarters Battery 969 F and features 2 cannons crossed on the bottom. By prodigious effort the LXVI Corps artillery finally had been wormed through the traffic jam east of St. Vith, and towed and manhandled into position. At Poteau CCA brought more troops into and around the village, while the enemy fired in from the hill to the north rising along-side the Recht road. Many records were destroyed during the final retreat, units were put back in the line on the 23d with no accounting of their existing strength, and the formations of the 106th Division and 14th Cavalry Group had taken very severe losses before the defense of St. Vith began. Despite repeated requests by General Lucht, this brigade was not released to reinforce the LXVI Corps until late afternoon on 18 December.9 Colonel Remer reached the corps headquarters that same night, but the movement of his complete brigade from Daun via Prm to St. Vith would take considerable time. Dismounted infantry in foxholes control the intersection at Poteau but [it is] covered by enemy fire." Thus far the Ninth Army had given Hasbrouck no information on the seriousness of the situation on the VIII Corps front. Tank and artillery fire stopped the Germans just as it had on previous days. The troops east of St. Vith simply had to be written off (at least 600 officers and men) although some later would be able to work their way back through the German lines. In fact, however, there was little left of the 106th; so responsibility tended to devolve on the junior commander, Hasbrouck. None of these were considered by the German planners to be major military As for the last American troops extricated from the ring, Task Force Jones, it will be recalled, had assembled at Bovigny, south of Salmchteau and on the west bank of the river, while elements of the 112th Infantry waited east of the river at Rogery and Cierreux for the withdrawal order from General Hasbrouck. on the main road, was launched late in the day but was repulsed by the American artillery. superior force in front of St. one of the main enemy lines of communication and forced days of delay It is nearly impossible to find an account of the soldiers that does not recount the dramatic rescue in detail and it is a major feature in the storyline of the films Go For Broke! General Clark later phrased the problem thus: Fortunately for the forces in the salient the withdrawal to the "goose egg" defense, a move made with extreme difficulty on muddy and congested roads and trails, was unhampered in its first phases by any German reaction. failed when the 4.5-inch guns of the 770th Field Artillery Battalion were cut off at Samre en route from La Roche. When the Germans finally maneuvered into position to renew the attack, the Americans broke free and fell back toward Commanster. The attachment already existing was thus legalized. Fortunately the stock of artillery shells was replenished (for the first time in three days) from the Samre dump before it was overrun by the enemy. Although no major disruption had occurred in the ring defense, the night attacks had developed cracks in the line at Crombach and in the valley of the Braunlauf which would widen under a little more pressure. So he compromised by sending a large combat patrol into the woods west of that village with orders to find a covered route along which the tanks might advance on Vielsalm once they arrived. as a patrol action. trunk lines, although in the late summer of 1944 work had been started Unwittingly, in the process of "freezing" this heterogeneous command, Stone stopped the westward withdrawal of badly needed engineer vehicles (carrying earth augers, air compressors, and similar equipment) which the VIII Corps commander was attempting to gather for work on a barrier line being constructed by the corps engineers farther to the west. He is extended and cannot protect the right flank of the zone between Recht and Poteau. The main effort would be made by the 18th in the north and the 183d Regiment from the. What Hasbrouck needed now he tersely relayed in a message through the 7th Armored trains to the XVIII Airborne Corps: "We can hold if no troops are taken away from us and our right rear is given protection.". Some had even climbed out of the Braunlauf valley and engaged in scattering fire against the battalion of the 424th Infantry in the reserve position at Maldingen. Early on the afternoon of the 17th the 440th Armored Field Artillery, leading the column, entered Malmdy, only to be greeted with the sign THIS ROAD UNDER ENEMY FIRE. Who made up the enemy force and its strength is uncertain-probably this was the Mobile Battalion of the 18th Volks Grenadier Division, making the preliminary move in the scheme to encircle St. Vith. held by the 424th and CCB, 9th Armored, faced east, the line at Steinebrck General Clarke had informed General Hoge, whose command post was close at hand, that his command was moving back to re-form west of St. Vith. The traffic jam thus created was made worse by the horde of officers and men driving American vehicles captured in the Schnee Eifel who were grimly determined to hang onto their loot. A disabled German self-propelled gun is in the foreground. This move brought the grenadiers across open ground and under flanking fire from American tanks located by the railroad underpass just north of St. Vith. tried to rush their way through the foxhole line held by the 38th Armored He then ordered the 17th Tank Battalion (Lt. Col. John P. Wemple) to send a tank company into Recht. 2 btrys, 413th AAA Gun Bn (Mbl) 24 Dec 44-3 Jan 45. the connective tissue between the 7th and 9th Armored combat commands. It was a ragged, piecemeal affair about two miles long, running south from Hnningen along the chain of hills a thousand yards west of St. Vith. Task Force Lindsey, whose cavalry and infantry had screened the main withdrawal of the southern segment of the ring, had come under damaging shell-fire as the 62d Volks Grenadier Division artillery got into position. How many vehicles and men were captured by the enemy is impossible to say. Since the chances of assistance in the immediate future do not seem bright, I would like to suggest that consideration be given to withdrawal of the 7th Armored and 106th Divisions to a position to the right (west) of the 82d Airborne Division where they may be of assistance in halting a possible advance north by the 2d SS Panzer. The strength of the German forces thrusting west was not yet fully appreciated. Veteran C. Young. before the 21st, but the lengthy and destructive barrage laid down by the enemy had caused very severe casualties and shaken the defenders. The problem involved in extricating and reforming these units was enhanced by the natural desire of the German soldiers to make the most of this opportunity to sleep for a little while in warm billets. a result, toiled through the woods toward Wallerode, arriving there in the early evening. But Hasbrouck had no doubt that General Middleton counted on the continued defense of the St. Vith road center-this part of the mission needed no reiteration. with the engineers, ordnance, and quartermaster people on the spot. Army Service No. The two CCB commanders, Clarke and Hoge, given a free hand by General Jones and General Hasbrouck, agreed that in the event of any future withdrawal CCB, 9th Armored Division, might be trapped as it then stood because Hoge's combat command, deployed southeast of St. Vith, had no roads for a direct move westward and would be forced to retire through St. Vith. Wiki User. The village itself was garrisoned by the service company of the 48th Armored Infantry Battalion and some drivers belonging to the battalion whose vehicles were parked there. In this sector But the 7th Armored Division was a veteran organization; the general officers in the area dealt with one another on a very cooperative basis; and within the sub-commands established around the coalescing perimeter, the local commanders acted with considerable freedom and initiative. Then Hoge's center was hit, at this point by the 164th Grenadier Regiment whose troops got into Grufflange in the darkness and overran a medium tank platoon. General Jones, beset by messages reporting the German advance along the Schnberg road, sent urgent requests for the armor to hurry. Description. They blocked the sun, and the forest floor was dark and damp. To the northeast the troop from CCB which originally had held the left wing of the St. Vith sector around Hnningen was still in position; as yet it had not sustained any heavy blows. Through most of the confusion and immobility characterized the St. Vith bottleneck. This time the enemy gained Neubrueck and held it, feeding in more troops hourly from the assembly area of Galhausen. Forty minutes later the tanks left Poteau, moving fast and exchanging shots with German tanks, while the 275th Armored Field Artillery. General Hasbrouck reached St. Vith at 1600-it had taken him all of five hours to thread his way through the traffic jam between Vielsalm and St. Vith. Of the southern half of the original ring there remained only the rear guard and covering forces strung along the roads east of Salmchteau. The southern advance, which had carried a mass Despite a brush with Remer's group and the loss of several tanks in the swampy ground south of Rodt the command reached Crombach and Hinderhausen, where General Clarke was building a second line of defense. The last German The American positions were much better integrated than on previous days: the 7th Armored Division artillery and attached battalions-of particular importance the one medium tank battalion- were tied in closely with the troops they supported. by artillery fire, to thrust a few tanks along the east road. in the new American positions on the far bank; thus while the main frontage Colonel Rosebaum sent the tank platoon and an armored infantry company to clear the houses south of the cut. The loss here of the four armored infantry companies would be keenly felt by CCB, 7th Armored Division. In the chain of command only General Ridgway demurred. The 1 st Battalion, 6 th Field Artillery holds a special place of distinction among artillery units of the U.S. Army, fighting at some of the most decisive conflicts in American military history. It consisted of four tank companies, two cavalry reconnaissance troops, a company of tank destroyers, and many foot soldiers hitchhiking on the vehicles. While the 7th Armored Division artillery was working its way onto the west road during the evening of 17 December, most of the division assembled in the St. Vith area along positions roughly indicative of an unconsciously forming perimeter defense. Stone sent out one of his staff to try to line up some help; this officer discovered the command post of the 965th Field Artillery Battalion, near the town of Beho, and put forth the case of the Gouvy defenders "who were attempting to hold the line despite their not being trained infantrymen." Behind the reconnaissance and advance elements the bulk of the division moved slowly southward along the east and west lines of march, forty-seven and sixty-seven miles long, respectively. Stone sent out one of his staff to try to line up some help; this officer discovered the command post of the 965th Field Artillery Battalion, near the town of Beho, and put forth the case of the Gouvy defenders "who were attempting to hold the line despite their not being trained infantrymen." Battery C had been assigned to support the 112th . Corps and division artillery was brought forward piece by piece whenever a break in a traffic jam occurred, but the appearance of these horsedrawn guns in the motorized columns only succeeded in further disrupting the march order. In blinding snow, on slippery roads, 9th Armored tanks and infantry headed for Bauvenn, designated as the linkage point for the two combat commands. tank destroyers from the 814th Tank Destroyer Battalion, waiting on the reverse slope, caught the first wave of four Panthers in their sights, fired seven rounds, and knocked out all four. north, south, and west. isolated the St. Vith forces from the remainder of the VIII Corps, although Perhaps the German command did not realize the full extent of the gains won in the St. Vith area and was wedded too closely to its prior plans. The three 105mm battalions were assigned to one of the three infantry regiments to support, forming a combat team. A number of prisoners were later rounded up by the Americans on the Recht road. At 1500 a radio message from the XVIII Airborne Corps headquarters informed Hasbrouck that the "request of CG, 7 AD" for withdrawal had been approved. Mayes's group moved out from the crossroads at first light on 18 December but had gone only some two hundred yards when flame shot up from the leading light tank and an armored car, the two struck almost simultaneously by German bazooka fire. Most important, the 62d Volks Grenadier Division had robbed the Americans of their chance for a night withdrawal. The headquarters and tank company had little time to get set, for about 0200 the advance guard of the southern German column hit the village from the east and northeast. Silhouetted in light and with blinded crews the Shermans were disposed of in one, two, three order. The battalion landed at Utah Beach during Operation Neptune, and participated in the liberation of France and Belgium. In the early morning of 23 December Remer gathered a truck-mounted battalion of armored infantry, put some tanks at their head, and started them for Hinderhausen, with the intention of cutting south across the rear of the Americans. 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