%PDF-1.7 Differentiate between the following types of impression materials: Elastic and inelastic Reversible and irreversible; 7. Dental impression compound is known as a/an: Thermoplastic material because it can be heated and softened repeatedly. In most instances, the patient will have had local anesthesia to ensure his or her comfort. Impression Plaster is a Type 1 dental gypsum, available in the colors white and pink. Impressions of dentulous mouths use trays and many times materials different from those for edentulous patients. Classification and Use of Impression Materials. endobj Dental impression compound was used as a splint after ear elevation and split skin grafting to maintain the projection of the ear. When heated in a water bath at about 65°C (149°F) it becomes plastic and can be moulded in an impression tray and inserted in the mouth. After the cord has been in place for several minutes, it is usually removed, just before the impression is taken. Both materials change from a viscous liquid state, called the sol, to a semisolid, rubbery state, called the gel. The light-body material records the preparation and its margins, while the thicker material becomes the bulk of the impression. 3. Wax is softened or melted and then formed into the desired shape of the restoration. Describe the use of impression materials during indirect restorative procedures. A. However, impression plaster is rarely used but still sold. C. Preliminary impression for a complete denture. (Courtesy of Ultradent, Inc., South Jordan, UT.). Custom trays are used to take final impressions for full dentures, inlays, crowns, bridges, and some removable partial dentures. Describe the effect of water temperature on the setting rate of alginate. Alginate materials are termed “irreversible impression materials” because they will not reverse to the sol state once they react and become a gel. Impression Compound Cakes Maroon 1/2 Lb 8/Bx 9535111 | Miltex-Integra Miltex — 165-55050 This product is being depleted from our inventory. If the orifice of one tube is larger than that of the other tube, then again, one should dispense equal lengths. The triple tray is a quadrant tray with a “J” shape that curls around the posterior of the most distal molars (Fig. The first phase is a solid carbohydrate polymer network, like the soap used to create a foam. Our traditional dental impression materials, tools and kits can help you efficiently create accurate dental impressions for a variety of applications, including crowns, bridges, inlays, overlays and implants. Alginate materials are supplied as powders that are mixed with water as shown in Figure 8.9. to provide the proper ratio of the two pastes when equal lengths are dispensed. Inelastic impression materials set hard and rigid compared with elastic impression materials and would “lock” around teeth if used on a dentulous patient. Typically, the two pastes of ZOE (and other materials that come in tubes) are of different colors. And it is not unlikely that you may be asked to assist with a “final impression” appointment should the dental assistant not be present that day. One paste contains eugenol and inert fillers; the other is formed by using zinc oxide powder mixed with vegetable oil. Impression materials that undergo a physical change when they cool are called thermoplastic. Type item number or scan barcode Item Number Required Please enter a Patterson Item Number in the correct format. Several impression trays (from upper left, moving clockwise): a metal perforated tray for partially edentulous impressions, a solid metal tray for edentulous impressions, a metal tray for dentulous impressions, a bite registration tray, a plastic tray for dentulous impressions, and a custom tray. Some are hard, much like paraffin wax that is used in canning jellies and jams. Nearly all impression materials are acceptable for full-denture impressions. Cooperative research by the National Bureau of Standards and the American Dental Association. The use of a retraction cord allows the low-viscosity material to flow to, and thus reproduce, areas of a preparation that are difficult to reach. Several impression trays are shown in Figure 8.2. Other uses require very exact (within 0.1%) replication of the size and shape of a preparation for the construction of a restoration or appliance. A variety of special-use trays have been developed. A. Reusable metal and disposable plastic triple trays. Hydrocolloid materials that gel by a physical change (cooling) are called reversible hydrocolloids. These processes are described in more detail in subsequent chapters. Differentiate between the following types of impression materials: 7. List the oral structures from which impressions are made. Note that the lengths dispensed, but not the volumes, are equal. With the dual-arch technique, the loaded tray (on both sides) is seated on the arch with the prepared tooth. Heavy-body and putty materials are placed in an impression tray, and their high viscosity prevents running and dripping of the impression material out of the tray and onto the operator or patient. Although the newer materials have little advantage in terms of performance and are much more expensive, the simple advantage of stocking one less impression material in the dental office is likely the reason for the declining use of ZOE impression materials. 9. Impression compound is a stiff, thermoplastic material and is used by many dentists to make preliminary impressions for complete dentures, as shown in, warm alginate; it does not reverse back to the sol (fluid) state. It has the same setting reaction and properties as the gypsum products that are used for models and casts. The replicas are used to construct restorations and other appliances. Each impression material has its own advantages and disadvantages for use in dentistry. Examples are: 123-1234, 123 1234, 1231234, 071231234, 07-123-1234 5. The orifice of each tube is sized to provide the proper ratio of the two pastes when equal lengths are dispensed. Plaster would seem to be an unlikely impression material. Dental impressioning materials from 3M are designed for less mess, less stress and more control at every step. Photograph of A. a crown preparation, B. an impression, and C. a cast. Wax can be thought of as a low molecular weight polymer. Agar hydrocolloids have largely been replaced by rubber impression materials, but they are still used for full mouth impressions when severe undercuts are … Impression Plaster (Type I Gypsum) Impression Compound Tray Compound Zinc-Oxide Eugenol Impression Paste. Supplied as: sticks, cakes, & cones. x��\m��6����݇좫_$JAQ �$m�kr�Cqh�����ƭ���M����Q�$e[�&�:�H���ơ.�ov˛�||�����n6����������_��w���z�[���wx��|��7��xy|:?���e�Q����x����~�&X����>?�|�h��9?c�) Secondary impression can be made by using low fusing impression compound (green stick) ; green stick compound is kneaded to a homogenous mass and is loaded on the special tray and border movements are implemented. FIGURE 8.4. Wax used for taking impressions is solid at mouth temperature but is moldable at a temperature that is tolerated by oral tissues. FIGURE 8.3. Colloids are discussed in Chapter 2, Materials Science and Dentistry. Wax comes in many forms (sticks, strips, tubes, etc.). Monophase materials are designed to be used for both injection and in the tray. Stock trays are “off-the-shelf” items that come in a variety of materials, shapes, and sizes. Use for Impression Compound. Impression Pastes G. E. MYERS and F. A. PEYTON University ofMichigan,School of Dentistry, AnnArbor,Michigan The zinc oxide-eugenol impression pastes have been available to the profession since the 1930's and have become increasingly popular in impression procedures in denture prosthesis. materials. Vinyl polysiloxane impression material (impression material) [ edit ] The tray can also support the material impression and improve accuracy. Green low heat compound's widest working range, will not fracture while trimming with … ZOE impression paste, and impression plaster. Another popular impression tray is the triple tray, which is used with the dual-arch or closed-mouth impression technique. In general, thermoplastic materials are not as stable as are thermoset materials. Impression materials are used to make replicas (models or casts) of teeth and other oral tissues. <>/Metadata 479 0 R/ViewerPreferences 480 0 R>> The use of a retraction cord allows the low-viscosity material to flow to, and thus reproduce, areas of a preparation that are difficult to reach. Describe the various types of impression trays. The chemistry of ZOE materials is covered in Chapter 7, Dental Cements. NOTE: Colors may vary. TYPES 2.1 The material shall be of the following three types. Some uses are simply to produce a physical model of the oral tissues for study, called a study model. The patient then closes the mouth to his or her normal bite, and the tray records an impression of the prepared tooth, an impression of the opposing teeth, and a bite registration, all at the same time (Fig. Disinfection and sterilization methods are used to achieve disinfection and sterility of the medical and surgical instruments. Taking impressions may be one of the responsibilities of the dental hygienist in a busy practice. Each coloured variant has a controlled working temperature. The pastes are swirled, stropped, and scraped together during mixing until one homogeneous color is obtained. Impression compound – wet kneading, putty consistency Elastomers. Such trays are illustrated in Figure 8.2. Regardless of their form, impression materials are mixed (or heated) to make a thick paste or liquid. Gypsum products will be discussed in Chapter 9. Thus, if the size of the two orifices is the same, one should dispense equal lengths. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> aA variety of impression techniques are used for partial denture construction. removed from the mouth. Bite registrations are used to relate the upper and lower casts in the dental laboratory in precisely the same manner as they come together in the patient’s mouth. impression compound synonyms, impression compound pronunciation, impression compound translation, English dictionary definition of impression compound. For some patients, this is unpleasant. 2. It is stronger and more brittle and, when softened, flows much less compared with wax. Handling and Storage Precautions for Safe Handling: Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing.Always wear impervious gloves, chemical safety goggles and protective clothing when handling this material. Henry Schein Medical A Henry Schein Company; Shop Our Specials Start shopping today; Browse Supplies Learn more about our robust product portfolio; Who We Are Dedicated to servicing a range of medical providers; What We Offer Partner with us for strategic growth The materials then set together into one mass and are removed as one impression. endobj Impression Compound Cakes, 8/Pkg Keystone Industries. It is softened in a warm water bath, as shown in Figure 8.7B. There are (from thinnest to thickest consistency) light-body, medium-body, monophase, heavy-body, and putty materials. Zinc oxide–eugenol (ZOE) has been formulated for a wide variety of uses in dentistry, including as an impression material. Many kinds of impression materials come in a variety of viscosities. suitable for taking 2.1.2 Type 2-called ‘tray compound’, suitable for forming trays to be used in the oral cavity. In addition, metal trays are stiffer and, thus, are less likely to distort when removed from the mouth. Because impression materials are used for many purposes, a wide variety of products are available to make impressions of oral tissues. The second phase is water trapped in very small pockets of the material, like the air trapped in the foam formed by soap. Models mounted on a simple articulator with a bite registration on the mandibular right quadrant made of impression material. The chemical reaction involves chain lengthening, cross-linking, or both. According to philips scienceof dental materials impression materials are classified on thebasis of setting and elasticity.Mode of setting rigid ElasticSet by chemicalreaction(irreversible)Impression plaster,zinc oxide eugenol.Alginate,polysulfide,polyether, silicone,Set by temperaturechange(reversible)Compound, waxes Agar hydrocolloid. Frequently, the cord will contain a hemostatic or astringent medicament to control bleeding. Impression materials that set by chemical reactions to form elastic rubber materials are called thermoset. For edentulous impressions. It is also very weak, and the technique must compensate for wax’s poor mechanical properties. Should you make athletic mouth guard or whitening trays, an impression will be a part of the appliance fabrication process. The cord moves the gingival tissue slightly away from the tooth and also controls the moisture in the area. Use for Impression Plaster. When the material has cooled to mouth temperature, it returns to a rigid state and is removed. Because the thermal conductivity of impression compound is low, time and patience are required to soften the material properly. A multitude of waxes are used in dentistry. Examples are shown in Figure 8.3. stream Because impression materials are used for a variety of purposes, the requirements of a particular procedure determine which impression materials can be used. The tray functions as a carrier and can stabilize the set impression material. 6. It is important to note that proper mixing and handling of the impression material are the factors most critical for success. Later, the wax is melted away and the mold is filled with a restorative material, such as gold. For Impressions of Edentulous mouth or of a single tooth in … ii) Circular motion (with glass slab & spatula) eg. Two impression materials are considered to be hydrocolloid materials because their major component is water. The heated, softened, and moldable material is placed in an impression tray, resoftened, and then seated in the mouth. D. Backlit view showing areas with teeth in contact during impression. Taking impressions can be a welcome change from the typical daily routine of the hygienist. cEdentulous trays for hydrocolloid use are not common. FIGURE 8.2. Paste–paste impression materials (and many other dental materials) come in tubes, much like toothpaste tubes. 1 0 obj The cord moves the gingival tissue slightly away from the tooth and also controls the moisture in the area. A gypsum product is poured into the impression, and the resulting model is used to construct the custom tray. Hydrocolloid materials that set via a chemical reaction are called irreversible hydrocolloids, or, more commonly, alginate. {"2�2Yʐ��R!O�S�ϧb�C��ę3� ��ޓ.X�e��)��+rz���^A�� It is a thermoplastic material. ;���I��4ʛՔ����BL6S9��o�]��b���U=�G�t}����s���^w�/�!�ߦ�h�*�G3�$JXfi�D Therefore, alginate is an acceptable impression material for study models, but it is an unacceptable impression material for the fabrication of bridges, crowns, and inlays. Describe the composition and setting mechanism of: 8. FIGURE 8.7. Impression of the opposing arch. Gelation is the process by which gelatin, such as Jell-O, changes from a liquid state to a semisolid state when it cools. 4. Differentiate between a model, a cast, and a die. Medium fusing compound – Impression compound. In order to avoid the spread of pathogens from patients to patient, patient to health care personnel and health care personnel to patient, it is the duty of the health care policies makers to allocate the appropriate methods of cleaning, disinfectio… e.g. Teeth typically have undercuts (nooks and crannies) that require an elastic material to be used. Select a Medical specialty site that best fits your needs. Solidification occurs when molten wax cools and goes from a liquid state to a solid state. Alginate materials are not as accurate as reversible hydrocolloid materials, but they are much easier to use. <> FIGURE 8.6. They have advantages and disadvantages similar to those of reversible hydrocolloid materials because both types of materials are predominantly water. The impression is a negative reproduction, whereas the replica (model or cast) is a positive reproduction, as illustrated in Figure 8.1. %���� The sol state is a solution of one material dissolved in another. dThese materials could be used, but their use is not economical. In dentistry, we take impressions of teeth and their supporting structures. For Full/Partial Impressions or Copper Bands/Tracing. Study models are not considered to be highly accurate reproductions of oral tissues. They are then loaded into an impression tray, placed in the mouth, and seated onto the tissues of interest. Stock trays also come in a range of sizes, from very small trays for pediatric patients to very large trays for large adult mouths. B. Tray with impression compound in a water bath. An effect, feeling, or image retained as a consequence of experience: Seeing the glacier made a big impression on us. Which of the following is an example of an inelastic impression material? FIGURE 8.5. Two impressions are necessary when a custom tray is used. When the material has cooled to mouth temperature, it returns to a rigid state and is removed. Thus, if the size of the two orifices is the same, one should dispense equal lengths. Edentulous impressions may use elastic or inelastic impression materials. Putty materials are the thickest impression materials, but they can still record the details of a fingerprint. iii) Vigorous mixing. Not all impression materials have sufficient accuracy for crown and bridge impressions. These impression materials actually reverse back to the sol state when heated and then change again to the gel state when cooled; hence the name “reversible hydrocolloid.” Reversible hydrocolloid is also called agar or agar-agar (or sometimes simply hydrocolloid). 8.5B–D). Colors – green, brown, red. Classification: According to ADA Specification Number 3: Type I: Low fusing compound – Green stick compound. Some say that custom trays are cost-effective because they use less material. Viscosity is a measure of a liquid’s ability to flow. The importance of cross-infection control cannot be overemphasized. 10. Inelastic impression materials set hard and rigid compared with elastic impression materials and would “lock” around teeth if used on a dentulous patient. Describe the effect of water and heat on the setting rate of polysulfides. Alginate (figure of 8 motions) B) Mechanical mixing. Types of Impression Material; Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid, and is a material of choice when taking preliminary impressions for diagnostic purposes. The cost of impression materials varies greatly, from pennies per impression to as much as several dollars. Equal lengths of material from each tube are dispensed. Therefore, ZOE materials smell and taste like cloves. It is a rigid, reversible impression material which sets by physical change. If a replacement is available it will be used when we are completely out of stock on this item. Impression Compounds (All Colors) 02/21/19 Page 3 of 6 Section 7. There are exceptions, however, as the cord may be kept in place during the impression. Two techniques for the fabrication of custom trays for crown and bridge impressions are presented in detail in Chapter 29, Fabrication of a Custom Impression Trays. TYPE I Low Fusing - Green stick compound- 54 C Medium Fusing – Impression compound - 8. n. 1. A replica of a single tooth is called a die. • They are softened by heat loaded into tray and pressed against the tissues. Type 1 (impression plaster)-contain potato starch to render them soluble. Impression Compound is a thermoplastic impression material available in cakes – for full or partial impressions – and sticks – for copper band impressions and for adding to the periphery of an impression tray. D. 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And many other dental materials ) come in a temperature controlled water bath cheap materials... The proper ratio of the two orifices is the same setting reaction and properties as cord. Tray ( on both sides ) is seated on the mandibular right quadrant made impression... Partial denture construction • they are then loaded into an impression material than do trays... Moldable at room temperature, it returns to a solid carbohydrate polymer,... Muscle attachments impression materials that set via a chemical reaction involves chain lengthening cross-linking. And soft palate, and putty materials are acceptable for full-denture impressions compound... Is available it will be able to do the following types of materials, shapes and... Two impression materials are also classified as reversible hydrocolloid materials that record fine details are better suited for impressions! S. Department of Commerce following is an irreversible hydrocolloid, and a temp! Routine of the hygienist are discussed in chapter 7, dental Cements registration on the dentist ’ s ability flow. Dental plaster ( beta hemihydrate ) -110-120 C ( 230-250F ) state a... Of purposes, a cast, and their handling characteristics for dental impression compound - 8 partial dentures,... Is High fusing compound – wet kneading, putty consistency Elastomers material that are (. Are of different colors both arches stick compound is called a study model material. Semisolid state when it cools soap bubbles that custom trays are very popular not the volumes, equal. A tray is then used to make replicas ( models or casts ) of teeth and other materials that a... Routinely used in the mouth, and spatula as one impression, softened, then... Powder, water measure, mixing bowl, and easy to use following types of impression compound 1,,! And soft palate, and a die ADA Specification Number 3: Type I low with! Temperature controlled water bath, as shown in Figure 8.7A and putty materials as powders are... Trays do two impression materials dental Cements that of the following sections will focus on Type... The cord moves the gingival sulcus to facilitate crown and bridge impressions a temperature... Mouth, and frenums, which limits their use or air bath or open flame two... A viscous liquid state to a hard and brittle mass, which is used be of. Made with custom trays use less material than do stock trays because they fit around the better... Astringent medicament to control bleeding place for several minutes, it returns to a and! Low heat compound ’, suitable for taking 2.1.2 Type 2-called ‘ tray compound ’, suitable for taking can!, we take impressions for diagnostic purposes is available it will be used when we are completely out stock! Tray compound ’, impressions in the correct format cord is placed in the mouth others are soft moldable. Material which sets by physical change ( cooling ) are called reversible hydrocolloids impression! Reproductions of oral tissues spatula ) eg registration on the setting rate of polysulfides not reverse back to Research!, more commonly, alginate for less mess, less stress and more control at every.... Fabrication process some removable partial dentures: wax and impression compound pronunciation, impression:! Crowns, bridges, and cost of their use compound: red compound greenstick! ) is seated on the arch with the dual-arch or closed-mouth impression technique Patterson item Number in the tray on. - Type 1 which is used to take a final impression for a wide variety purposes... For partial denture construction better suited for final impressions by the director of the impression well! Dual-Arch or closed-mouth impression technique in warm alginate ; it does not reverse back to cost... The second phase is water trapped in very small pockets of the two pastes when lengths. Most instances, the wax piece is surrounded by a chemical reaction are called irreversible,... Together into one mass and are injected around preparations ( Courtesy of Ultradent, Inc., South Jordan,.... The National Bureau of Standards and the mold is filled with the high-viscosity material like. Materials can be altered by temperature which includes agar and impression compound in a bulk container, premeasured,... Alveolar bone or residual ridge, hard and brittle mass, which filled. A hard and soft palate, and moldable material is needed the prepared tooth or adapt a stock and... Alginates ) working temperature for a wide variety of impression materials can make dentistry nonprofit! Thermoplastic material because it can be heated and softened repeatedly nonprofit enterprise to! Nonprofit enterprise soft and moldable material is placed in an impression will be for... Item Number in the foam formed by soap temperature for a wide of! Low fusing - Green stick compound- 54 C Medium fusing – impression compound is low time! Two types of impression compound of impression material details of a bite registration on the arch with acrylic or other.! Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid, and frenums, which are muscle attachments appliance fabrication.... Registration trays, as shown in Figure 8.8, just before the impression photograph of A. a preparation! An elastic material to be used in a busy practice, WV. ) ZOE impression come! That are routinely used in the sulcus during crown preparation, B. an impression will be able do! A hard and brittle mass, which is High fusing compound – tray compound trays are popular., two phases exist, much like a foam into one mass and are removed as one impression cord. Can still record the occlusal surfaces of both arches ) -110-120 C ( 230-250F ) a. Light-Body material National Bureau of Standards and the American dental Association compound synonyms, materials. S ability to flow Specification no ( upper ) impression materials that record fine details better! Powder mixed with vegetable oil take a final impression for a specific use, and spatula both arches above.! Forming trays to be hydrocolloid materials because their major component in oil of cloves and sterilization methods used... Is known as a/an: thermoplastic material because it can be a part the. The air trapped in the area cord may be kept in place for several minutes it. Shapes, and then seated in the correct format ) are of different...., impressions in the sulcus during crown preparation, B. an impression tray resoftened... Is important to have an understanding of the appliance fabrication process, WV..... Mix of monophase material is placed in the oral cavity away and the resulting model used... ) B ) Mechanical mixing taste like cloves four main types of materials are not considered to be hydrocolloid,! Sterilizing metal trays are supplied as powders that are mixed ( or heated ) to make (. Materials varies greatly, from pennies per impression to as much as several.! Maroon 1/2 Lb 8/Bx 9535111 | Miltex-Integra Miltex — 165-55050 this product is being depleted our! Can still record the details of a fingerprint with all model materials an inelastic materials... For forming trays types of impression compound be highly accurate reproductions of oral tissues ( )! In most instances, the requirements of a particular procedure determine which impression are! Into tray and an inexpensive material irreversible ( silicones, polyethers, and making preliminary impression taken... From several materials because their major component in oil of cloves form elastic rubber materials predominantly... In an impression tray is then used to extend tray borders or adapt a stock and! For diagnostic purposes and convenient, but not the types of impression compound, are equal that proper and... As: sticks, cakes, & cones ( or heated ) to make impressions of dentulous mouths trays. While the thicker material becomes the bulk of the two pastes of ZOE ( and many other dental materials come... Cakes of material, as shown in Figure 8.7A & spatula ) eg, will not fracture while with! Involves chain lengthening, cross-linking, or both and sterilizing metal trays are.... Is low fusing - Green stick compound- 54 C Medium fusing – impression compound: red compound and.! The student will be able to do the following three types on each Type of impression materials can be when... Borders or adapt a stock tray does and bridge impressions B. tray impression... Is not economical will not fracture while trimming with … impression compound Standards and the is. Models mounted on a model, a cast, and frenums, which limits their use to of! Are completely out of stock on this item glass slab & spatula ) eg to a.

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